High doses of drugs aimed at lowering cholesterol are linked to increasing numbers of new diabetes cases in patients, said a review of multiple studies on the topic.

However, those same high doses helped dramatically lower the incidence of cardiovascular problems in patients, leaving doctors to balance the benefits and risks according to each individual patient.

The meta-analysis compared high and moderate doses of the anti-cholesterol drugs known as statins, in five randomsed clinical trials on 32,752 people, and was published in the Journal of the American Medical Association.

Over an average follow-up period of nearly five years, 8.4 per cent of the patients developed diabetes – 1,449 in the intensive-dose category and 1,300 in the moderate dose group – a total of 149 more in the higher dose group.

But when the researchers examined how many patients had major cardiovascular problems after therapy, they found the higher dose statin group had 416 fewer such events (3,134 in the intensive group and 3,550 in the moderate one).

“Our findings suggest that clinicians should be vigilant for the development of diabetes in patients receiving intensive statin therapy,” said the study, led by David Preiss of the University of Glasgow.

“Given the cardiovascular benefits of statins and the likely increasing use of intensive statin regimens, it is important to quantify any potential long-term risks to enable physicians and patients to make informed choices.”

Statins – which include popularly known names such as Lipitor, Pravachol, and Crestor – are among the most widely prescribed drugs in the US. About 42 million Americans suffer from high cholesterol.

The drugs help reduce the risk of heart attack and stroke by lowering a person’s low-density lipoprotein (LDL), sometimes known as “bad cholesterol”.