Israel’s Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu has sparked uproar after suggesting a Second World War-era Palestinian leader convinced the Nazis to adopt their Final Solution to exterminate European Jewish people.
Holocaust experts have criticised Mr Netanyahu’s comments as historically inaccurate and serving the interests of Holocaust deniers by lessening the responsibility of Adolf Hitler and the Nazis.
Critics also said the statement amounts to incitement against modern-day Palestinians in the midst of a wave of violent unrest and Israeli-Palestinian tensions.
Speaking to a group of Jewish leaders on Tuesday, Mr Netanyahu tried to use a historical anecdote to illustrate his point that Palestinian incitement surrounding Jerusalem’s most sensitive holy site goes back decades.
He said the Second World War-era Grand Mufti of Jerusalem, Nazi sympathiser Haj Amin al-Husseini, instigated Palestinian attacks on Jewish people over lies that they planned to destroy the Temple Mount, known to Muslims at the Noble Sanctuary.
The hilltop compound in Jerusalem’s Old City, housing the Al-Aqsa Mosque and the gold-topped Dome of the Rock, lies at the heart of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict and competing claims over it are the source of the current round of violence. It is the third-holiest site in Islam and the holiest site in Judaism, where the two Jewish biblical Temples once stood.
Mr Netanyahu said Mr al-Husseini played a “central role in fomenting the final solution” by trying to convince Hitler to destroy the Jewish people during a 1941 meeting in Berlin.
Mr al-Husseini played a central role in fomenting the final solution
“Hitler didn’t want to exterminate the Jews at the time, he wanted to expel the Jews,” Mr Netanyahu told the group. “And Haj Amin al-Husseini went to Hitler and said, ‘If you expel them, they’ll all come here.’ ‘So what should I do with them?’ he asked. He said, ‘Burn them.’”
Historians quickly noted that the Nazi Final Solution was already well under way at this point, with several concentration camps up and running. Hitler had previously repeatedly declared his lethal intentions.
Moshe Zimmermann, a prominent Holocaust and anti-Semitism researcher at the Hebrew University in Jerusalem, said Mr Netanyahu made a “far-reaching argument” for political purposes that did not hold water. He said the comments made Mr Netanyahu a Holocaust denier.
“Any attempt to deflect the burden from Hitler to others is a form of Holocaust denial,” he told The Associated Press.
Al-Husseini was an enthusiastic Nazi supporter. But Mr Zimmermann called him a “lightweight” who was pleading with Hitler for assistance in getting rid of the British Mandate and the Jewish immigrants coming to the Holy Land. He said there was no evidence al-Husseini had any real influence on Hitler. Mr Netanyahu has been criticised for invoking the Holocaust when talking about current affairs, alluding to it especially when discussing Iran and its nuclear programme.
The prime minister’s comments come at a sensitive time, as he is scheduled to travel to Berlin to meet German Chancellor Angela Merkel. Mr Netanyahu is also supposed to meet US Secretary of State John Kerry there in new efforts to bring an end to a month-long wave of attacks that have raised fears that the region is on the cusp of a new round of bloodshed.
Israel’s opposition leader Isaac Herzog called it a “dangerous historical distortion” that plays into the hands of Holocaust deniers. He called on Mr Netanyahu to immediately correct his comments. “It downplays the Holocaust, Nazism and the role of Adolf Hitler in the great tragedy of our people,” he said. “There was only one Hitler.”
Senior Palestinian official Saeb Erekat said “Netanyahu hates Palestinians so much that he is willing to absolve Hitler of the murder of six million Jews”.
Even Mr Netanyahu’s defence minister, Moshe Yaalon, distanced himself from the comments. “I don’t know exactly what the prime minister said. History is actually very, very clear,” Mr Yaalon said. “Hitler initiated it, Haj Amin al-Husseini joined him and unfortunately the jihadist movements promote anti-Semitism to this day, including incitement in the Palestinian Authority that is based on the legacy of the Nazis.”