Australia said on Thursday it planned to become the fourth country in the world to legalise medicinal marijuana exports in a bid to score a piece of the estimated $55 billion global market.
Cannabis cultivation in Australia is still relatively small, as recreational use remains illegal. But the government hopes domestic medicinal use, legalised last year, and exports will rapidly boost production.
Despite growing demand, only Uruguay, Canada and the Netherlands have so far legalised the export of medicinal marijuana
"Our goal is very clear: to give farmers and producers the best shot at being the world's number one exporter of medicinal cannabis," Health Minister Greg Hunt told reporters in Melbourne.
Peter Crock, chief executive of Cann Group, which cultivates cannabis for medicinal and research purposes, said medicinal marijuana production had been stymied by limited demand from Australian patients.
"While the Australian patient base is growing, it is very small," Crock told Reuters. "Being able to export will allow us to have the scale to increase production."
Hunt said the new legislation would include a requirement that growers first meet demand from local patients before exporting the remainder of their crop.
Despite growing demand, only Uruguay, Canada and the Netherlands have so far legalised the export of medicinal marijuana. Israel has said it intends to do so within months.
The Australian government's proposal needs to pass federal parliament when it returns to session in February. The country's main opposition Labor Party has signaled it would support the move.
Exports would then likely begin within months.
Fuelled by a growing acceptance of the benefits of marijuana to manage chronic pain, moderate the impact of multiple sclerosis and to soften the effects of cancer treatment, several countries and 29 states in the United States have legalised cannabis for medicinal use.
Australia's chief commodity forecaster does not publish data on cannabis production, but rough estimates by the University of Sydney estimated the legal industry at A$100 million ($78 million), well below the C$4 billion ($3.19 billion) that Canada estimates its market to be worth.
US consultancy company Grand View Research last year forecast the global medicinal cannabis market would be worth $55.8 billion by 2025.