Deal-making and the political turmoil in Spain livened up a flat session in European stock markets yesterday as investors awaited pointers from the Federal Reserve on the outlook for the US interest rate.

While caution dominated the broader market, Spanish stocks were hit hard after police arrested Catalan government officials in a bid to halt a banned referendum on independence.

“Markets are starting to realise how deep the crisis is [in Spain],” said Jesus Castillo, an economist covering Southern Europe for French bank Natixis.

Madrid's blue chip index, the best performer among major European benchmarks so far this year, fell 0.8 per cent, underperforming pan-European STOXX 600, which ended flat.

Among the biggest fallers in Madrid were Catalonia-headquartered banks Banco Sabadell and Caixabank, which fell 3.8 and 1.9 per cent, respectively.

On the mergers and acquistions front, Thyssenkrupp rose more than two per cent after it and India's Tata Steel agreed to merge their European steel operations to create the continent's No. 2 steelmaker.

Markets are realising how deep the crisis is

Also in the spotlight was Fortum after the Finnish power company said it was in talks to buy German utility E.ON’s remaining stake in Uniper, the power stations and trading business it spun off last year. The news lifted shares in the three companies, which ended up between 2.7 per cent and 5.9 per cent.

In the banking sector, Commerzbank rallied 2.4 per cent after a Reuters report said Italy's UniCredit had told Berlin it was interested in merging with the State-backed German bank.

UniCredit fell over two per cent, as the deal was seen as a strategy shift for the Italian lender. “While the higher exposure to Germany could be considered appealing by some investors, the contradictory strategy would likely weaken the stock,” a Société Générale analyst said.

In the construction sector, German builder Hoctief fell seven per cent after media reports said it could launch a takeover for Spanish toll road operator Abertis on behalf of its parent, ACS.

Britain’s Kingfisher rose 5.6 per cent after the home improvement retailer reported a better-than-expected profit for the first half.

Banks were in particular focus, ending down 0.4 per cent as investors awaited the result of the Fed meeting. Banks, which have outperformed the broader market so far this year, generally benefit from higher interest rates.

“An interest rate rise would definitely be good for global banks... there is over a 50 per cent chance of one more rate rise in the US before December,” Rachel Winter, senior investment manager at Killik & Co, said.

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