A column of 3,000 Shi’ite militia fighters arrived at a military base near Ramadi yesterday as Baghdad moved to retake the western Iraqi city that has fallen to Islamic State militants in the biggest defeat for the government since mid-2014.
Setting the stage for renewed fighting over the city, Islamic State militants advanced in armoured vehicles from Ramadi towards the base where the Shi’ite paramilitaries were massing for a counter-offensive, witnesses and a military officer said.
At the same time, US-led warplanes stepped up raids against the Islamists, conducting 19 strikes near Ramadi over the past 72 hours at the request of the Iraqi security forces, a coalition spokesman said.
The Shi’ite militia, known as Hashid Shaabi or Popular Mobilisation, was ordered to mobilise after the capital of Anbar province was overrun on Sunday. The militiamen give the government far more capability to launch a counterattack, but their arrival could add to sectarian animosity in one of the most violent parts of Iraq.
“Hashid Shaabi forces reached the Habbaniya base and are now on standby,” said the head of the Anbar provincial council, Sabah Karhout. They are fully equipped and highly capable, the council said.
An eyewitness described a long line of armoured vehicles and trucks mounted with machine guns and rockets, flying the yellow flags of Kataib Hizbollah, one of the militia factions, heading towards the base about 30 km from Ramadi.
The fall of Ramadi shows the limits of the US strategy of attacking from the air
Spokesmen for militia groups said reconnaissance and planning were underway for the upcoming “battle of Anbar”, the vast Euphrates valley province where the US military fought the biggest battles of its 11-year occupation.
Ramadi is dominated by Sunni Muslims. Prime Minister Haider al-Abadi signed off on the deployment of Shi’ite militias to attempt to seize back the area, a move he had previously resisted for fear of provoking a sectarian backlash.
About 500 people have been killed in the fighting for Ramadi in recent days and up to 8,000 have fled, a spokesman for the provincial governor said. IS said it had seized tanks and killed “dozens of apostates”, its description for members of the Iraqi security forces. An eyewitness in Ramadi said bodies of policemen and soldiers lay in almost every street, with burnt-out military vehicles nearby.
Displaced Sunni women and children fleeing the violence in the city of Ramadi arrive at the outskirts of Baghdad yesterday.The city’s fall marked a major setback for the forces ranged against Islamic State: the US-led coalition and the Iraqi security forces, which have been propped up by Iranian-backed Shi’ite militias.
It was also a harsh return to reality for Washington, which at the weekend mounted a special forces raid in Syria in which it said it killed an Islamic State leader in charge of the group’s black market oil and gas sales, and captured his wife.
The Iraqi government and Shi’ite paramilitaries recaptured Saddam Hussein’s Tigris river home city of Tikrit from Islamic State six weeks ago, the biggest advance since the militants swept through northern Iraq last year. But government forces have had less success in the valley of Iraq’s other great river, the Euphrates, west of Baghdad.
An army major who fought his way out of Ramadi said government forces in the area had been ordered to regroup, but soldiers were exhausted and morale was at rock bottom.
To some analysts, the fall of Ramadi shows the limits of the US strategy of attacking from the air but leaving ground fighting to Iraq’s military and its Iran-backed militia allies.