The civil war in Sierra Leone from 1991 to 2001, unleashed by rebels from the notorious Revolutionary United Front, was one of the most atrocious in Africa’s recent history, leaving 120,000 dead and thousands of civilians mutilated.

The rebels have been accused of the worst violence, but all the parties to the conflict have been implicated.

The war was marked by atrocities by drug-fuelled combatants and child soldiers against the civilian population and remains associated with gruesome images of adults and children who had their limbs hacked off.

The rebels gained notoriety for murders, systematic rapes, abductions and the kidnapping of thousands of children who were then forced to fight among their ranks.

The civil war was an emanation of that in neighbouring Liberia started by Mr Taylor on Christmas Eve 1989. On March 23, 1991 the RUF, led by former army officer Foday Sankoh, crossed the border from Liberia and captured several villagers.

Hundreds of thousands of civilians fled their homes in terror as the rebels shot, looted and raped their way through the diamond rich southern and eastern parts of the country.

In 1993 the rebels withdrew to the far east and the south. In 1994 they launched lightning raids − ambushes, looting and attacks on industrial and agricultural installations − and started to abduct foreigners.

In January 1999 the RUF and its allies from a former military junta launched an assault on the capital Freetown, called Operation No Living Thing, which it occupied for more than three weeks at the cost of 6,000 lives.

In January 2002, the end of the war was officially declared. The government and the UN signed an agreement to set up a special tribunal to try perpetrators of atrocities against civilians, which included some of the worst violations of human rights in the world”.