Michael Phelps won two gold medals on Tuesday, avenging his 200 metres butterfly defeat from the London Olympics and then anchoring the US 4x200 freestyle team to victory on a night of high drama and emotion in the pool.
Katie Ledecky, of the United States, won her second gold medal of the meeting and Hungary’s Katinka Hosszu her third, extending their dominance of women’s swimming in feats that on any other day would have grabbed top billing.
Instead it was Phelps, the most successful Olympian of all time, who stole the limelight, extending his career medal tally to 25 by adding golds number 20 and 21.
In the 200 butterfly, he touched the wall in one minute, 53.36 seconds to beat Japan’s Masato Sakai by 0.04 seconds, with Hungary’s Tamas Kenderesi taking the bronze.
Chad Le Clos, of South Africa, Phelps’s conqueror four years ago, finished fourth.
Phelps, who had announced his retirement after London but launched a comeback in 2014, then celebrated by climbing into the stands to embrace his fiancee Nicole and kiss his baby son Boomer.
Seventy-five minutes after racing, he was back in the water to swim the final leg of the 4x200 freestyle after Conor Dwyer, Townley Haas and Ryan Lochte had built a lead of 1.76 seconds.
The Americans touched in 7:00.66, with Britain second in 7:03.13 and Japan in third after James Guy overhauled Takeshi Matsuda on the final leg.
For Phelps, the butterfly victory was especially sweet after the sting of the London defeat, where he misjudged his final lunge for the wall to let Le Clos steal the gold.
“I’m just thankful, that’s for sure, I wanted that one back,” he said.
“That event was kind of like my bread and butter, and that was the last time I’ll ever swim it. There wasn’t a shot in hell I was losing it. And if I did, every ounce that I had was left in the pool.”
In the women’s races, Ledecky, 19, pipped Sweden’s Sarah Sjostrom and Australia’s Emma McKeon to win the 200 freestyle, on top of her victory in the 400 on Sunday.
She is overwhelming favourite to add the 800 title later this week, an event in which she is totally dominant, and achieve a treble at those three distances that no woman has managed since American Debbie Meyer in Mexico City in 1968.
Hosszu won her third gold medal with victory in the women’s 200 individual medley.
The 27-year-old, who set an Olympic record of 2:06.58, had already won the 400 individual medley on Saturday and 100 backstroke on Monday.
Britain’s Siobhan-Marie O’Connor took silver, with Maya DiRado of the US coming home in third place.
Hosszu is entered in one more individual event, the 200 backstroke.
If she wins that event she would equal the women’s record of four solo swimming gold medals at a single Olympic Games set by East Germany’s Kristin Otto, in Seoul, South Korea, in 1988.