The cartoonist who created Pepe the Frog has killed off the character in a rebuke to far-right extremists who transformed a benevolent internet meme into a racist, anti-Semitic symbol.

A Pepe cartoon released in comic book shops shows Matt Furie's creation in an open coffin.

In a Time magazine essay last year, Furie described Pepe as "chill frog-dude", who debuted in a 2006 comic book called Boy's Club and became a popular online subject for user-generated mutations.

But internet trolls hijacked the character and began flooding social media with hateful Pepe memes more than a year before the 2016 US presidential election.

Pepe became a tongue-in-cheek symbol of the "alt-right" fringe movement and its loosely connected brand of white nationalism, neo-Nazism and anti-immigration.

I understand that it's out of my control, but in the end, Pepe is whatever you say he is, and I, the creator, say that Pepe is love.

Pepe memes promoting Donald Trump's presidential campaign became so ubiquitous that Mr Trump himself tweeted an image blending his likeness with the cartoon frog in October 2015.

The Anti-Defamation League (ADL) branded Pepe as a hate symbol in September 2016 and promoted Furie's efforts to reclaim the character, with a social media campaign using the SavePepe hashtag.

"That's a huge challenge," said director of the ADL's Centre, Oren Segal, on Extremism. "It just didn't pick up."

Mr Segal said he doubts Pepe's cartoon death will erode his status with the "alt-right" movement.

White nationalist who popularised the term "alt-right", Richard Spencer, said it could have the opposite effect.

"The artist isn't in control of his work once it enters the culture in the way it has," Mr Spencer said.

Michigan lawyer Kyle Bristow, who founded a self-described "alt-right" non-profit educational group called the Foundation for the Marketplace of Ideas, said he has already seen a meme depicting Pepe as Jesus rising from the dead.

"The Republicans have an elephant. The Democrats have a donkey. The alt-right has a cartoon frog," Mr Bristow said with a laugh.

Furie was not amused by how his creation became an "icon of hate", calling it a "nightmare" in his Time essay.

"Before he got wrapped up in politics, Pepe was an inside-joke and a symbol for feeling sad or feeling good and many things in between," Furie wrote.

"I understand that it's out of my control, but in the end, Pepe is whatever you say he is, and I, the creator, say that Pepe is love."

Fantagraphics, which published Boy's Club, also published the one-page strip in which Furie killed off Pepe.

Fantagraphics spokeswoman Jacq Cohen said she would be surprised if Furie never draws Pepe again, but she had not discussed his plans for the character with him.

"This whole Pepe co-opting experience has been pretty rough on Matt as an independent artist," Ms Cohen said.

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