European scientists conclude that glyphosate, brought into use by Monsanto and Co. in the 1970s, is ‘safe’ but environment campaigners highly critical
Glyphosate is unlikely to cause cancer in humans, the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) said on Thursday, and the agency proposed a higher limit on the daily amount of residue of the popular weed killer deemed safe if consumed.
The EFSA advises EU policymakers and its conclusion could lead the 28-member EU to renew approval for glyphosate, which was brought into use by Monsanto Co. in the 1970s and is used in its top-selling product Roundup as well as in many other herbicides around the world.
Environmental groups have been calling for a ban after the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), part of the World Health Organisation, said in March that glyphosate was “probably carcinogenic to humans”.
The European Food Safety Authority has defied the world’s most authoritative cancer agency- Greenpeace
A campaign group said that 1.4 million people had signed a petition calling on the EU to suspend glyphosate approval pending further assessment.
The EFSA said it carried out a thorough analysis and took account of the IARC’s findings.
“This has been an exhaustive process – a full assessment that has taken into account a wealth of new studies and data,” said José Tarazona, head of the pesticides unit at the EFSA, based in Parma, Italy.
“Regarding carcinogenicity, it is unlikely that this substance is carcinogenic.”
The EFSA is proposing a limit on the maximum safe daily dose over a period of time, of 0.5 milligrams per kilogram of body weight. It is also proposing a new acute limit, of the same level, for a single intake of glyphosate over a short period, for instance in one meal.
The previous EU evaluation had set an acceptable daily intake (ADI) of 0.3 milligrams per kg of body weight per day.
The scientists say an 80kg person could eat food containing a residue of 40 milligrams of glyphosate per day for the rest of their life. Monsanto said that was the equivalent of eating 400kg of fruit or vegetables a day.
EFSA scientists, who worked with experts from EU countries, said their study differed from the IARC’s in that it considered only glyphosate, whereas the IARC had assessed groups of relatedchemicals. They said the toxic effectscould be related to reactions with other constituents.
One of the 28 EU nations, Sweden, voiced reservations, saying it “considered that the classification criteria for limited evidence of cancer in humans were fulfilled,” the EFSA said.
The EU must decide over the coming months whether to renew existing approval for glyphosate use.
Greenpeace called the EFSA’s report “a whitewash”.
“EFSA has defied the world’s most authoritative cancer agency,” Greenpeace EU food policy director Franziska Achterberg said in a statement.
Monsanto and other users of glyphosate welcomed the report.
“It confirms the previous evaluations of glyphosate by regulatory authorities around the world, which have consistently concluded that the application of glyphosate poses no unacceptable risk,” Richard Garnett, chair of the Glyphosate Task Force, said in a statement.
The task force brings together representatives of Monsanto and other companies.
Commission spokesman Enrico Brivio said the Commission took note of the report and that EU regulators had until June next year to take a decision.