Oil prices plumbed five-and-a-half-year lows yesterday, pulling down emerging market assets and boosting demand for the safe-haven yen, while global equity markets slipped further after last week's rout amid nagging worries about world­wide growth.

Stocks retreated as crude oil prices gave up early gains after the Organisation of the Petroleum Exporting Countries restated its determination not to cut output despite a global energy glut.

Major European stock indices fell more than two per cent, while the Dow and S&P 500 fell about one per cent before paring losses.

The ruble hit record lows and Russian assets plunged on concern about possible new US sanctions over Ukraine, weak oil prices and one-sided bets that the currency would extend its slide.

The yield rise on US Treasuries was limited by persistent concerns about weakening growth and inflation globally. US stocks dipped even as US manufacturing output posted its biggest gain in nine months in November as production expanded across the board, pointing to underlying US economic strength.

“There's a lot of things going on, but most of them are driven off the drop in oil prices,” said Rick Meckler, president of hedge fund LibertyView Capital Management in Jersey City, New Jersey. “You had some traders take profits on the early (US stock market) gains once oil moved to negative.”

The Dow Jones industrial average was down 35.77 points, or 0.21 per cent, at 17,245.06. The Standard & Poor's 500 Index was down 2.15 points, or 0.11 per cent, at 2,000.18. The Nasdaq Composite Index was down 18.59 points, or 0.40 per cent, at 4,635.01.

In Europe, the FTSEurofirst 300 index of top regional shares fell 2.35 per cent to close at 1,290.65, while MSCI's all-­country world index, which measures stock performance in 45 countries, fell 0.93 per cent to 404.93.

MSCI's emerging markets index fell 1.61 per cent.Brent crude hit a five-year low near $60 a barrel before paring losses, trading down 63 cents to $61.22. US crude for January traded down $1.45 at $56.36 a barrel.

Growth worries have supported bets the Federal Reserve might consider keeping its pledge to leave short-term interest rates near zero for a 'considerable period' in its latest policy statement at the end of two-day meeting tomorrow.

The price on benchmark 10-year Treasury notes was flat to yield 2.1026 per cent.The euro was last down 0.14 per cent against the dollar, at $1.2442. The dollar was 0.62 per cent lower against the yen at 118.03 yen.

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