Recent research has shown that gum disease may be a more serious risk factor for heart disease than high blood pressure, smoking, high cholesterol, gender and age.

Studies also show that diseased gums release significantly higher levels of bacterial components into the bloodstream than healthy gums. Bacterial components can travel in the blood to other organs of the body, possibly causing coronary artery disease, heart disease, heart attacks, low birthweight and premature babies, and diabetes.

Periodontal disease occurs when a bacterial infection develops where the gums join the teeth. Harmful bacteria release enzymes that can cause underlying bone loss, receding gums and eventual tooth loss. Periodontal disease is:

• The number one cause of tooth loss in adults;

• Affects more than half of people over age 30;

• Often painless and may go undetected;

• May be genetic and inherited.

Because the bacteria can travel in the blood stream and cause adverse health effects, early detection and treatment of periodontal disease is critical.

Gum disease can be treated and prevented with treatments ranging from routine scaling and polishing, through other non-surgical therapies to the most advanced surgical procedures that nowadays include regenerative therapies with or without laser-assistance. Your dentist will work with you to restore, and keep, a healthy smile.

Dr Joseph Xuereb is principal dental and implant surgeon at Savina Clinic. For more information send an e-mail to drjxuereb@savinadental.com or visit www.savinadental.com.