Russian President Vladimir Putin urged his Ukrainian counterpart yesterday not to escalate an offensive against pro-Moscow rebels, and threatened economic retaliation for signing a trade accord with the European Union.
At the leaders’ first meeting since June, Ukrainian President Petro Poroshenko replied by demanding a halt to arms shipments from Russia to the separatist fighters.
The pair shook hands at the start of talks in the Belarussian capital Minsk, only hours after Kiev said it had captured Russian soldiers on a “special mission” on Ukrainian territory.
Responding to a video of the detained servicemen, a Russian Defence Ministry source told Russian news agencies that the servicemen had crossed the border by mistake. Moscow has long denied charges by Kiev that it has been sending weapons and fighters to help the separatists in eastern Ukraine.
The United States and European Union have backed Kiev by imposing sanctions on Moscow in a standoff that has prompted both Russia and Nato to step up military manoeuvres.
“We are convinced that today, [the Ukraine crisis] cannot be solved by further escalation of the military scenario without taking into account vital interests of the southeastern regions of the country and without a peaceful dialogue with its representatives,” Putin said.
He said the Russian economy could lose about 100 billion roubles (€2.1 billion) if European goods reached its markets via Ukraine after Kiev signed the trade deal with the EU in June. Moscow would retaliate with trade measures if that were to happen, Putin added.
Poroshenko responded by defending a peace plan he issued in June, when the rebels in the southeast Donbass region scorned his invitation to lay down their arms and leave by a safe corridor.
“The prime condition for a stabilisation of the situation in Donbass is the establishment of effective control over the Russian-Ukrainian border. It is vital to do everything to stop deliveries of equipment and arms to the fighters,” he said.
More than 2,000 people have been killed since April in the fighting, but the Ukrainian army has now largely pinned the rebels down in two eastern strongholds.
EU foreign policy chief Catherine Ashton and the leaders of Belarus and Kazakhstan were also taking part in the Minsk meeting, the first between Putin and Poroshenko since June 6.
Poroshenko pointedly mentioned the other participants by name, but not Putin, referring only to “the presence of the leadership of the Russian Federation”.
Russia has called for a ceasefire many times and supports what it calls “a dialogue of national unity” which would boost the authority of Ukraine’s regions.
Everything is different here, not like they show it on television. We’ve come as cannon fodder
But a unilateral ceasefire by Kiev in June was widely seen by Ukrainians as allowing the rebels a breathing space to regroup, and Poroshenko could find it difficult to win support at home for a repeat, especially as government forces have the upper hand. Ukraine will also resist any settlement that could give the eastern regions more power over policy decisions, potentially blocking moves by Kiev to shift closer to the EU or Nato.
“Most likely, it’s difficult to expect any colossal breakthrough today but we should start progress towards peace,” said Belarussian President Alexander Lukashenko, who is hosting the meeting.
The risk of outright war between Russia and Ukraine, the two most populous former Soviet republics, has alarmed Washington and its Nato allies, while tit-for-tat sanctions between Moscow and the West are threatening to tip the Russian economy into recession and choke off recovery in Europe.
The downing of a Malaysian airliner over rebel-held territory last month, which Poroshenko blamed on the separatists, killed all 298 people on board and provoked international outrage.
Earlier yesterday, a day after announcing it had detained 10 Russian paratroopers who crossed the border in a column of armed infantry vehicles, Ukraine released video of the captive soldiers.
In footage posted on the official Facebook page of the Ukrainian government’s “anti-terrorist operation”, the men were shown dressed in camouflage fatigues. One of them, who identified himself as Ivan Milchakov, listed his personal details, including the name of his paratroop regiment, which he said was based in the Russian town of Kostroma.
“I did not see where we crossed the border. They just told us we were going on a 70 kilometre march over three days,” he said. “Everything is different here, not like they show it on television. We’ve come as cannon fodder,” he said in the video.
Russian news agencies quoted a defence ministry source as confirming that Russian servicemen had crossed into Ukraine but saying they did so inadvertently.
“The soldiers really did participate in a patrol of a section of the Russian-Ukrainian border, crossed it by accident on an unmarked section, and as far as we understand showed no resistance to the armed forces of Ukraine when they were detained,” the source said.
Ukraine rejected that explanation.
“This wasn’t a mistake, but a special mission they were carrying out,” military spokesman Andriy Lysenko said in a televised briefing.
He also said separatists were attacking the southeastern border town of Novoazovsk “at this very minute” and Ukrainian forces had destroyed 12 armoured infantry vehicles in the area.