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Despair of soldiers in ‘obscene’ Safi centre

‘You have to catch escapees using just your bare hands’

Inside the Safi centre. Photo: Darrin Zammit Lupi

Inside the Safi centre. Photo: Darrin Zammit Lupi

A soldier working within Safi detention centre has vented the fears and frustrations he faces and warned that unless changes are made the next victim “will be one of us”.

If I’m told to go one way, I just go in the opposite direction

“The problem with the system is that there is no system,” the soldier told The Sunday Times on condition of anonymity.

Michael* and former soldier David* who worked in detention centres for several years spoke of the mounting frustration faced by the guards as well as the asylum seekers cooped up in detention camps.

In a candid interview, Michael described “obscene” understaffing problems, bemoaned soldiers’ lack of equipment and sympathised with poor conditions faced by detainees.

“Two have died so far. The next time, it will either be one of us or a member of the detention service.”

Ifeanyi Nwokoye and Mamadou Kamara died while in the custody of detention officials over the past year, prompting many to discuss whether the strict migrant detention policy was really working.

An inquiry into Mr Nwokoye’s death in 2011 is yet to be concluded but has found that he was dealt multiple blows, while two men have been charged with the murder of Mr Kamara, who died last month. Both Mr Nwokoye and Mr Kamara died shortly after being recaptured following botched escape attempts.

Michael stopped short of defending his colleagues’ actions – “they’re now in court, let’s give them a fair trial” – but could relate to the situation.

“A man escapes and you have to catch him using nothing but your bare hands and handcuffs. He’s obviously not going to come easily. What are you going to do? Putting soldiers in that situation is asking for problems.”

His perspective was backed by former soldier David, who said soldiers were trained to use force only when it was justified, legitimate and in the minimum dose necessary.

“But gauging what exactly is the minimum force necessary can be problematic. Soldiers, like everyone else, get genuinely scared sometimes. What are they meant to do if all they’ve got is their fists?”

David continued: “Soldiers are currently tackling a 21st century problem using tools of 40 years ago. Times have moved on and the authorities should be looking at disabling technology such as tasers.”

Inadequate staffing levels were also taking their toll, he said.

“Last week there were four AFM soldiers for all of Ħal Far and Safi detention centres. We never have more than five soldiers on duty at Safi during a single shift, for 800 detainees.”

Such numbers were a significant downgrade from his time in the army, David said. “We had plenty of soldiers in my time. At the very worst, you’d have 10 to 15 soldiers on every shift, guarding 300 migrants.”

Soldiers are assigned to detention centres by their superiors. Members of the Detention Service, on the other hand, are civilians who have signed up for the job.

According to Michael, the Detention Service is also impossibly stretched. “I sometimes get to work in the morning and find Detention Service workers slumped over, asleep. They’ll have worked from 7 a.m. to 1 p.m. and then again from 7 p.m. till 7 a.m.”

You get bad apples on both sides of the fence. We get called ‘white dogs’ by some migrants. Isn’t that racist?

Escapes happen more regularly than people think, he said. “But they don’t tell you guys [the media] about it. The day after Mr Kamara died, two people escaped. It’s not that uncommon.”

The deaths of Mr Nwokoye and Mr Kamara and subsequent media attention had taught him and some of his colleagues a lesson, he said.

“If I’m told to go one way, I just go in the opposite direction. We’ve all got family at home: why should I get myself into unnecessary trouble?”

That reaction garnered some sympathy from David. “A soldier who messes up while fixing a truck gets a slap on the wrist. Making mistakes in detention is a bigger problem.”

It did not help that soldiers often considered being assigned to detention duties as a second-rate job, he added.

“Perhaps it would help if there was a separate army service explicitly dedicated to detention duties. And I imagine private security companies might eventually get involved,” David said.

Michael waved away suggestions that detention personnel were racist. “You get bad apples on both sides of the fence. We get called ‘white dogs’ by some migrants. Isn’t that racist?”

The cultural sensitivity training offered to detention personnel was “banal”, he said, making soldiers feel “as though we’re the enemies of the state”.

“But really, it’s useless trying to paint either us or them as saints. Some are good people, others aren’t. I feel sorry for some of them, they don’t deserve this. If you walk into the warehouse at Safi right now, you’d probably faint with the heat.”

Both Michael and David had harsh words for some of the NGOs working within the field. Although both acknowledged that some served important roles, others only served to antagonise, they said.

“They promise migrants the earth, but then they go home and we’re the ones who look like the bad guys,” Michael said.

David added: “Organisations like the Jesuit Refugee Service do great work, but some NGO types empathise so much that they end up painting an unrealistic picture.”

As the interview drew to a close, Michael threw his hands up in exasperation.

“It’s never been so bad. Morale is down the drain and I know many of us dread having to go to work now.”

He held out little hope for improvements. “What did the previous minister do? Nothing. Not that the opposition seems to have many ideas. And as for the head of the army, with him it’s...”

David was less inflammatory. “Politicians have to make do with limited resources, while army commanders often have to shield their superiors. But they have to look out for their soldiers’ needs and make the case for them politically. Commanders can’t simply look after their own stripes.”

“I’m done trying to change things,” Michael told The Sunday Times. “Now I just go to work, keep my head down, and hope there isn’t any trouble. Then I clock off, go home – and do it all over again the next day.”

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Emanuel Curmi

Jul 23rd 2012, 19:25

@Mr. Francis Saliba. To me you are the one who claims to understand everything and yet seems to be the one wearing the metaphorical blinkers to reality. Your patronizing summation on how to categorize illegal immigrants may be endowed with pompous intellect and flowery language but what you conveniently overlooked is the human factor in this modern day tragedy. And this is exactly the battle of the so called hypocritical humanitarian agencies. They have seen, first hand, the conditions prevailing in these modern day townships - and even the detention officers themselves are appealing to the authorities to defuse a highly explosive situation - while many like you ( and including myself ) are simply passing judgements and comments on situations which we cannot imagine or even remotely comprehend. it is convenient to speak about a hopeless task when the will and effort is totally lacking.

Charles Grixti

Jul 23rd 2012, 13:29

Many of the things you so eloquently write are either misunderstood or go completely over the readers' heads. And I am glad that someone else observed the lack of understanding of the backhanded insults, parody, irony, sarcasm and other refinements of language (English) amongst the commentators but perhaps they could be forgiven for it could be a cultural more than a language problems. Humour for instance, is kind of frowned upon in Malta, as everyone needs to be perceived as a 'ragel jew mara serju/a'.

Nevertheless, continue writting your cleverly insightful commentaries. Prosit!

Colin Stanley

Jul 23rd 2012, 09:10

I agree with you 100% so now can you do the same plea to the PL, are they going to look after the interests of Malta and the Maltese first.?

Francis Saliba M.D.

Jul 23rd 2012, 09:24

@ Valerie Calleja, yesterday at 22:15.

Of course the police should be provided with everything they need to protect themselves and to carry out their supervisory duties at the detention centres. But make no mistake about it. Whichever political party governs in Malta, whatever our soldiers use, be it their bare fists, their feet, stun guns, SPAM guns, tear gas or anything else you can think of, our military will be vilified by the professional do gooders from abroad. Worse still, there will always be local hypocrits to support them for their own hidden agendas.

M. Schembri

Jul 23rd 2012, 09:01

It's government that wants detention not the NGOs. Everyone is telling him to remove it but he insists that we keep on financing this cruelty.

James Dewar

Jul 22nd 2012, 22:21

Agree with your last sentence but a bit excessive on the need for 25% of security staff to be armed with pistolsand lethal if they got into the wrong hands.

GL Calleja

Jul 22nd 2012, 17:00

Like I mentioned many times, this is a well planned exodus and it was initiated when Gaddafi was still in power. The wheels keep turning because the machine was well oiled. This illegal immigration problem did not just pop up, it has been happening for a long time. Look back and you can follow the trend. Muslims make up a good part of Europe and Malta will become as such. Moammar Gaddafi might be dead but he left Europe and the whole world with something to remember him by. He wanted Europe to turn Muslim, is he succeeding to accomplish that even in his death. You be the judge.

Charles Grixti

Jul 23rd 2012, 04:04

No you miss the point entirely. Gaddafi really has nothing to do with it. The fact is that the EU is pursuing a policy of Multiculturalism and Malta simply had to have its quota of divergent cultures. That is and was the plan. Do not believe what politicians say or what is 'news' in official mainstream media. The facts speak for themselves, Gaddafi is gone but the immigrants keep on coming. Figure it out.

GL Calleja

Jul 22nd 2012, 16:15

Excellent point Dr Saliba, but it happens that the bleeding hearts want to make us believe otherwise.

Ms.D. Galea

Jul 22nd 2012, 17:42

I disagree. I think they did not BELONG to a detention centre in MALTA, but in the country in mainland Europe they wanted to go to, to start a fresh new life when they left their God forsaken country.

Why should they be forced to live in a cage in a small island like Malta with its limited resources and imprisoned if they do what is humanely possible to leave and go reach mainland Europe.?

Mr Daniel Jones

Jul 22nd 2012, 18:44

So are you saying Francis, that the beating to death of the 2 migrants have no mitigating circumstances and the conditions of work and the resultant stress has nothing to do with it? It was just simple excessive force used to 'return them to the detention centres'.

Glad you cleared your position on this issue up.

GL Calleja

Jul 22nd 2012, 19:54

Ms Galea, I know it is easier said than done, but why doesn't the Maltese government let these people go to pursue their dream? WHY? Because the EU says they cannot. The whole theory is to protect the rest of the EU States from receiving these illegal immigrants. So they use Malta as a scapegoat and keep these people here even though it is against their will. If not why is the EU making the Maltese Government incarcerate these illegal immigrants? Where is the Humanity in all this. The EU and the UNHCR are protecting their own at the expense of the Maltese people. Brussels is protecting their own. Hello Maltese Meps????????

Francis Saliba M.D.

Jul 22nd 2012, 20:18

@ Mr Daniel Jones today at 18:44.

I am saying nothing of the sort. My English is clear enough so please do not attribute to me sentiments that I do not have. You have no right to accuse me of defending any "beating to death" of anyone.

I stated facts without offering "mitigating circumstances" one way or the other. Neither did I mention any "excessive force" - that has still to be proved.

My position is not at all clear to you but your bias is evident from a mile off.

Francis Saliba M.D.

Jul 22nd 2012, 20:29

@ Ms D Galea.

I share your distaste for converting Malta in one big detention centre where to imprison immigrants who do not want to stay here, where the island is too small and overcrowded, where our soldiers should not be changed into hated jailers denigrated by "humanitarian agencies" whose clandestine role is to keep the problem away from mainland Europe at all costs.

Having said that the proper place for the illegal immigrants is confinement under supervision and not roaming all over the island without identification documents

James Dewar

Jul 22nd 2012, 22:25

Just a thought but could it be that they were escapees DUE to the conditions in the detention camps? I'm not in any way condoning it but maybe not exactly true to say that the incidents did not have anything to do with the conditions in the camps.

J Abela

Jul 23rd 2012, 06:15

Excellent Dr. Saliba. However they ended up being portrayed victims.

Francis Saliba M.D.

Jul 23rd 2012, 16:29

James Dewar, Yesterday, 22:25

Your thought is so far fetched as to border on the ridiculous. No illegal immigrant who finds himself unintentionally cooped up in any detention centre anywhere, when he had previously set course for mainland Europe, would willfully change his itenerary and opt to stay on a tiny island where he had been shipwrecked or rescued.

Just a thought but could it be that they were escapees DUE to the conditions in the detention camps? I'm not in any way condoning it but maybe not exactly true to say that the incidents did not have anything to do with the conditions in the camps.

GL Calleja

Jul 22nd 2012, 16:21

I understand exactly what you said and I think you understand exactly what I am saying. if you think my English need polishing, may I suggest you get a lesson or two in patriotism Mr Xuereb. Grow up and get a life while you are at it.

John Azzopoardi

Jul 22nd 2012, 17:27

well, yes, the word naive did it. And yes, if you ever see my writing, and I have commented on Libyan democracy, it will never be similar to EU democracies or western democracies, but the fact remains that people who are leaving from Libya to cross to europe illegally should be sent back to Libya. If they want to apply to emigrate to the EU, Russia, US , Canada or Australia/NY, they should do so legally,and NOT ILLEGALLY CROSS OVER TO THOSE COUNTRIES.

Christian Sciberras

Jul 22nd 2012, 15:00

A professor such as yourself should know that (most) illegal immigrants are not citizens of Libya....why should Libya accept them?

Anthony Falzon

Jul 22nd 2012, 15:10

LIBYA SHOULD ACCEPT THEM BECAUSE THAT IS WHERE THEIR SEA JOURNEY WAS ORGANISED AND ORIGINATED FROM.

K. Vella II

Jul 22nd 2012, 15:12

@Christian Sciberras

You have a point, but by the same token, why should Malta accept them?

stephen koludrovic

Jul 22nd 2012, 15:13

@ Christian,

We can always play shove the penny with the Libyans. They shove them to us, we shove them back.

GL Calleja

Jul 22nd 2012, 16:13

In reality Dr Zammit. Why would Libya take back the illegal immigrants when they managed to get rid of them in the first place. This is a very well planned exodus and it is fulfilling the threat of Libyan leader Gaddafi. The Muslims are taking over all of Europe and we are part of that Europe he mentioned. Facts do not lie.

John Azzopoardi

Jul 22nd 2012, 14:21

Mr, Xuereb, if anyone is naive, it's you. Get real and see the big picture. How could a small island of just 400,000 people have another society developing on it's little island. Are you for real. You need to get your facts straight. I am not here to pay my hard earned taxes to support illegal migrants. And this is the feeling of the maltese and gozitans. If you don't like it, you can always leave and go somewhere else as well.

GL Calleja

Jul 22nd 2012, 14:36

Mr Joe Xuereb I have no clue where you are or who you are, but you are part of the problem. You are stirring anguish and animosity in the Maltese people. Where do you get off comparing a detention centre with a concentration camp. If you want to make real points why not volunteer to go and look after these people in, as you call them concentration camps? I am sure that with your bleeding heart you can control these people and they might even get to like you. What a bunch of crocodile tears Mr Xuereb. And you and the NGOs are very wrong, because most Maltese citizens are not to happy with the illegal immigration problem on this island. This detention officer told it the way it is and you should be paying attention to what he is saying. It seems that you have an answer for everybody, please don't include me in your explanations and excuses.

K. Vella II

Jul 22nd 2012, 15:13

But what do you propose? Abolish the detention policy. And then what?

James Dewar

Jul 22nd 2012, 13:00

Don, There are already clear signs that Malta is losing its own identity and heritage having to "conform" to EU edicts. Sad but true. This particular issue is a disgrace for all parties, detainees included.

James Dewar

Jul 22nd 2012, 13:01

If they are not I am sure that those in the higher echelons will soon be setting the record straight! Stand by for verification!

S.M. Cuschieri

Jul 22nd 2012, 14:04

I think they are reliable Alfred. Believe me, they would not have risked all and allowed themselves to be interviewed by the Times. They really do work in appalling conditions both mentally and aesthetically.

john vernon

Jul 22nd 2012, 14:01

Frank how are you supposed to vet some one who has no back ground, lies constantly because he comes from a safe country, and will be sent home if found out.
Yes they want a new good life, dont we all but they have to realise we have a good life because our father and their fathers and in some cases ourselves have fought for it, we didnt run away and try to demand it from a foreign country, half of these people are running from nothing just jumping on the EU do gooder band wagon,if you dont believe me take a trip to sparkhill in birmingham UK and look and engage in what you are letting yourselves in for if you dont stop the rot in your government NOW change policy and tell the EU enough is enough we will take no more, we will treat the injured and then return them to their point of origin if that was a boat in good condition then so be it,along with a working compass and a map of mainland europe see how the rest of europe like it when the baots start turning up on their coasts.

James Dewar

Jul 22nd 2012, 13:03

No, of course not! It will be deemed (completely wrongly) to "go with the territory" and merely a minor occupational issue!

Robert Callus

Jul 22nd 2012, 13:17

Speaking for AD - our attendance protest was mainly against detention policy. It was not against the soldiers, not even the accused since they're innocent until guilty. Truth is, present system - maximum detention with minimum resources - is getting people killed. But PNPL think everything is fine save for the occasional "accident"

john vernon

Jul 22nd 2012, 14:02

Never racism only works one way

carlos ellul

Jul 22nd 2012, 15:28

There had been multiple protests against racism and it was always meant to defend immigrants. Lets see if AD and the other NGOs will organise protests against this sort of racism too. Soldiers are human beings too and yet none of these so called organisations have ever organized anything even when soldiers werw hurt in detention centera.

Btw will AD go against the dime a dozen ngos who give a twarted version of maltas situation? I much doubt it.

Reinhard Azzopardi

Jul 23rd 2012, 09:04

No we're not. And that's because AD and all the other pot-smoking, dreadlocked hippies, are nothing but a bunch of hypocrites.

m. borg (slm)

Jul 22nd 2012, 12:13

Otherwise by employing the unemployed they have to scrape from their ministerial budgets with unsavoury results to the ministers.

brian compton

Jul 22nd 2012, 13:20

dont the EU help us out by giving money for these souls ...........

S.M. Cuschieri

Jul 22nd 2012, 14:06

Not many people opt to working with them Brian. Would you???

James Dewar

Jul 22nd 2012, 10:55

Jay, Seems an extremely logical view and one with which I and no doubt many others would agree with. One wonders why it has not already been actioned? The use of the word "bumbling" would appear to be particularly appropriate.

mark johnson

Jul 22nd 2012, 12:40

Immigrants don't have a vote.

stephen koludrovic

Jul 22nd 2012, 15:20

@ Mark Jonnson,

Why should they have a vote? They should have voted for a better life in their own country.

Reinhard Azzopardi

Jul 23rd 2012, 09:02

@Stephen Koludrovic

I'm sure that they would if they had the chance but they don't have the chance. I'm not sticking up for them, and to be quite honest, I am as sick of them as everyone is but we must understand that Africa is not Europe and voting is non-existant. Where it does exist, it's rigged.

Don Hughes

Jul 22nd 2012, 12:41

You are absolutely right Joseph, in everything you have just said

J Abela

Jul 23rd 2012, 06:12

Prisoners had satellite equipment in those days too?

david debattista

Jul 22nd 2012, 10:31

It is too much for such a small country , This is an international problem and should be shared in a realistic and responsible manner ! We have enough problems of our own as it is !

S.M. Cuschieri

Jul 22nd 2012, 14:08

Well said......!!!!

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