The US government said it is formally removing about 1,300 grey wolves in the Rocky Mountain region from the endangered species list, acting on the orders of Congress last month.
The Interior Department will also seek to remove thousands more wolves in the western Great Lakes region from the endangered list because they have recovered to “healthy levels”, Interior Secretary Ken Salazar told reporters.
The issuing of the final rule means that states will manage control of the animals, and that hunting will resume in Idaho, Montana, and parts of Utah, Oregon and Washington.
Grey wolves in Wyoming will remain under federal management until that state develops a suitable management plan, he said.
“The recovery of grey wolves in the US is a tremendous success story of the Endangered Species Act,” said Salazar. “From a biological perspective, grey wolves have recovered.
“It is now time to return their management to states that are prepared to ensure the long-term health of the species.”
The move caps a long political and legal battle that dates back to the George W. Bush administration.
Last month, an annex was added to the highly disputed budget bill, removing the wolves in that range from federal protection, marking the first time Congress ever removed an animal from the endangered species list.
Environmental groups opposed the move, but admitted defeat after years of fighting in court to preserve the en-dangered status of the grey wolves.
The wolves had all but disappeared from the region until they were reintroduced in the 1990s, and their protected status has allowed them to reach a total population of 1,651 across the entire Rocky Mountain region, including Wyoming, which is not affected the decision, said the Sierra Club.
But ranchers say wolves are a nuisance to livestock and could even threaten humans if their population grows too large.
Mr Salazar said the government would accept public comments on its proposal to delist gray wolves in Minnesota, Michigan and Wisconsin before acting further.
“To be sure, not everyone will be satisfied with today’s announcement,” Mr Salazar said.
“Wolves have long been a highly-charged issue but let us not lose sight of the fact that these delistings are possible because the species has recovered in these areas.”