Close-ups of Maltese nature (13)

Although around the world there exist around 17 different species of hedgehogs, the Algerian hedgehog, known in Maltese as Qanfud, is the only species found on our islands.

The English name “hedgehog” came into use in the Middle Ages from the word “hegge” meaning hedge, since this creature is found regularly in hedgerows, and “hogge” meaning hog, because of its pig-like snout.

Hedgehogs are easily recognised by their spines, which are actually hollow hairs made of stiff keratin. These spines are durable on the outside, while being filled with pockets of air in the inside. There are thousands of spines on a hedgehog, which are used as a defence mechanism against predators. When the hedgehog feels threatened it rolls into a tight ball causing the spines to point outwards.

The Algerian hedgehog is around 200 to 250mm long and has a life expectancy of around three to four years. Its face is light in colour and is distinguished by the lack of spines on the crown of the head. The ears are highly visible and are relatively large in size. Its underbelly can vary in colour and is often either brown or white in colour. The hedgehog’s diet usually consists of a variety of insects and occasionally some small vertebrates.

The greatest human threat to these mammals are cars, as unfortunately, many are run over when they attempt to cross a road. In Malta, the hedgehog has been protected through environmental legislation since 1993 and one should not pursue, take, capture, keep or kill this unique animal.

Should you require more information, please contact nature.requests@mepa.org.mt.

The United Nations declared 2010 to be the International Year of Biodiversity. Malta together with many other countries around the globe is carrying out a number of initiatives to celebrate life on earth and the value of biodiversity for our lives.

We are all invited to take action in 2010 to safeguard the variety of life on earth: biodiversity.