A UN court sentenced a former army colonel accused of masterminding the slaughter of 800,000 people in Rwanda in 1994 to life in prison yesterday.
The Tanzania-based International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR) had accused Theoneste Bagosora, 67, of being in charge of the troops and Interahamwe Hutu militia who butchered 800,000 minority Tutsis and moderate Hutus in 100 days.
"Colonel Bagosora is guilty of genocide and crimes against humanity and war crimes," the court said.
Prosecutors said Mr Bagosora, then cabinet director in the Defence Ministry, assumed control of military and political affairs in the central African country after President Juvenal Habyarimana was killed when his plane was shot down.
Canadian General Romeo Dallaire, head of United Nations peacekeepers during the genocide, described Mr Bagosora as the "kingpin" behind the genocide and said the colonel had threatened to kill him with a pistol.
"It is very good that he has been finally convicted. It should carry a strong message to all those who want to repeat such acts. They should know that they can never escape justice," said Robert Munyeneza, 25, a builder and genocide survivor. In its indictment, the court said that before the killings, Mr Bagosora stormed out of peace talks in Tanzania saying he was returning to Rwanda to "prepare the apocalypse".
After the genocide, Mr Bagosora fled into exile in Cameroon. He was arrested there in 1996 and flown to face trial in 1997. His trial began in 2002 and lasted five years until mid-2007.
Mr Bagosora faced 11 charges of genocide, war crimes and crimes against humanity. He was acquitted, however, of the charge that he conspired to commit genocide before April 1994.
"This verdict sends a strong message to tyrants everywhere that if they commit the worst crimes they spend the rest of their lives in jail," said Reed Brody, counsel for Human Rights Watch.
Mr Bagosora was found guilty in connection with the killing of 10 Belgian peacekeepers and responsible for the deaths of the Rwandan prime minister and the head of the constitutional court.
He was found responsible for organised killings by soldiers at numerous sites in Rwanda's capital Kigali and in Gisenyi. Fellow former officers Colonel Anatole Nsengiyumva and Major Aloys Ntabakuze were also sentenced to life for genocide. General Gratien Kabiligi was acquitted of all charges.
Defence lawyers said in a statement all three found guilty planned to appeal and the verdict showed their actions were based on war-time conditions, and they had not plotted genocide.