President-elect Barack Obama has vowed to help middle-class US homeowners facing foreclosure, but he has said little about how he will help low-income families made homeless by a worsening economy.
Mr Obama has spoken broadly about boosting affordable housing and restoring public housing subsidies. But with economists forecasting a deep recession next year, he may find it hard to find the money to fulfill those promises soon.
At the same time, advocacy groups and the country's czar for combating homelessness say immediate action is needed to halt the foreclosures of tens of thousands of homes and re-house thousands of families amid the worst financial crisis since the Great Depression of the 1930s.
"President-elect Mr Obama understands the economy will only get back on track if we end the foreclosure crisis. And he realises that part of ending the crisis is both preventing and ending homelessness for families losing their homes," said Jeremy Rosen of the National Policy and Advocacy Council on Homelessness.
It is a quandary that will require help for the overall economy to aid people who slide into homelessness because they lose their jobs. Measures will also be needed to address the mortgage crisis, especially foreclosures on rental properties that house lower-income residents who then wind up homeless when their apartment buildings are repossessed.
Homeless advocacy groups have called for targeted housing subsidies that help homeless families get back into more permanent accommodation as well as helping those on the brink of foreclosure. But Mr Obama will need to do more, and there are no magic wands.
Families are flooding homeless shelters across the US in numbers not seen for years, camping out in motels or staying with friends and relatives, homeless advocates say.
"There are lots of families haemorrhaging into homelessness and we need to figure out how to put a tourniquet on the haemorrhaging," said Philip Mangano, the homelessness czar appointed by President George W. Bush in 2002.
There is little time to waste. The US unemployment rate is at a 14-year high and more job losses are forecast, while the Mortgage Bankers Association says nearly 1.5 million homes are in the process of foreclosure.
The US Congress approved a massive housing market rescue bill in July that sets aside €3 billion that can be used partly by local authorities to buy foreclosed properties. Those could potentially house homeless families.
Mr Mangano, whose official title is director of the Interagency Council on Homelessness, described the €3 billion as an "opening salvo" and said the new administration and Democratic-controlled Congress must be prepared to move quickly to invest more money to help homeless families and slow the flood of foreclosures.
While the latest official figures show the number of homeless declining by 12 per cent from 2005 to 2007, Mr Mangano said there was sufficient data and anecdotal evidence to suggest that family homelessness was now on the rise.
In New York, the number of newly homeless families entering shelters has hit a record high, according to the Coalition for the Homeless, which says 1,464 families entered the New York shelter system in September.
San Francisco's four shelters are "beyond full," according to Paul Boden of the Western Regional Advocacy Project, whose organization has identified 450 families with 800 children living in single-room hotels in the city.
In Virginia's Fairfax County, one of the richest counties in the US, there are about 100 families on a waiting list to enter shelters, local officials say.
Maria Stephens, 38, a mother of three young boys, lived in one of the Fairfax shelters for seven months after two landlords were foreclosed on and she lost her job as a mortgage underwriter earning €63,000 a year.
"It was a hell of an experience for me. I went from having my own bathroom to having to share a bathroom with five families," said Ms Stephens, who now works in a restaurant making €7 an hour.
A local group, Reston Interfaith, helped her to move into temporary accommodation in July.
The public perception is that newly homeless families borrowed money they were unable to repay or were the victims of greedy banks that sold them mortgages they could not afford.
But homeless advocates say most are actually renters whose landlords were foreclosed on, or who lost their jobs, and were then unable to find the first and last month's rent and security deposit to secure new accommodation.
Local and state homeless groups have seen a 61 per cent rise in homelessness since the foreclosure crisis began last year.
"There is an uptick, no question about it, in homelessness in most places in our country," said Mr Mangano.