Amid fuel protests Indonesia targets poor

Indonesia's government jacked up fuel prices yesterday, sparking protests, but some $1.5 billion of cash handouts intended to cushion the blow for poor families could turn out to be a savvy move, politically and economically.

With parliamentary and presidential elections due next year, the issue of fuel subsidies has proved a tricky one for the government because of the risk of widespread social unrest if fuel and food prices rise sharply.

Soaring global oil prices have forced Indonesia to spend billions of dollars on fuel subsidies, which the government said mainly benefit the wealthy rather than the poor - and at the expense of spending on health, education, and infrastructure.

A cash handout scheme, which came into effect yesterday in several big cities, is intended to pass on some of the savings on fuel subsidies to about 19 million poor families, to help offset the rise in fuel and food prices.

"It will cushion the poor," said Fauzi Ichsan, an economist at Standard Chartered Bank.

Political parties that criticise the cash handouts risk appearing anti-poor in a country where millions live on less than $2 a day, some analysts said.

Indonesia is not alone in being forced into a corner by record crude oil prices. Taiwan said it was abolishing price controls on petrol and diesel, while India and Malaysia are also poised to take action.

Malaysia's top committee on inflation will review the country's mounting fuel subsidies at a meeting on Tuesday, state Bernama news agency said yesterday, quoting Deputy Prime Minister Najib Razak.

But strong demand from China, which is resisting lifting retail prices, means that global oil prices are likely to remain high.

While the Indonesian government had signalled its plan to raise fuel prices for several weeks in response to soaring global oil prices, many ordinary Indonesians are struggling to cope with the steady rise in the cost of basic goods.

It's not just higher fuel prices that are a worry for Indonesia's fast-growing population of motorbike and car owners. The cost of soybeans, wheat, cooking oil, and other daily necessities has soared, hurting many poor and middle-income households.

Inflation hit a 19-month high of 8.96 per cent in April, and the fuel price hike is expected to push it above 12 per cent this year.

Earlier this month, the central bank raised its key interest rate to 8.25 per cent, the first increase since December 2005, and further tightening is likely, which could slow economic growth.

"All basic needs are expensive. We are not able to protest against it, and even if we were to protest, the price will still increase," said Saeni, 63, as she and her husband collected 300,000 rupiah ($32), or three months' worth of cash handouts, at a post office in Jakarta yesterday.

"A hundred thousand rupiah is meaningless. Even for eating, it will not be enough."

Indonesians have been out on the streets in recent weeks in protest at the plans to raise fuel prices, which even after the average 28.7 per cent increase are still among the lowest in Asia.

Several protests took place yesterday, in Jakarta and other parts of the country. About 100 students in Surabaya, Indonesia's second-biggest city, clashed with police and at least four students were wounded, Metro TV reported.